![]() Sophists - interplay of generally accepted ideas but no order to it What are the 4 predication relations? definition - phrase signifying a thing's essence Predicated of.can be applied to specifics (man is the predicate of Socrates) What is dialectical reasoning? When it reasons from opinions that are generally accepted - gives us basic reason surrounding our first premise - Plato v. Sentence - significant portion of speech, some parts which have an independent meaning - interweaving of independent parts to create a new meaning What is a universal? Can be divided - that which is of such a nature as to be predicable of many subjects Increase OPPOSITE Diminution/decrease -> QuantityĬhange of Place/locomotion -> Place What is a noun? a verb? a sentence? Noun - significant convention with no reference to time, no part significant apart from the rest 14)? Generation/coming to be OPPOSITE Destruction/perishing -> Substance What are the four sorts of qualities? Four qualities: dispositions/habits, inborn capacity, affective qualities/affections, FIGURE AND SHAPE that belong to a thing (substance) What are the four kinds of opposites? (i) correlatives - double/half (ii) contraries - bad/good (iii) privatives to positives - blindness/sight (iv) affirmatives to negatives - he sits/he doesn't sit - this one can actually produce truly contradictory statements What are the six sorts of movement? generation, destruction, increase, diminution, alteration, change of place How do the categories help Aristotle explain movement (ch. Habits can be dispositions, but dispositions can't be habits. ![]() Disposition is easily changed (heat, disease). How do habits differ from dispositions? Habit is more lasting/firmly established (knowledge, virtue, etc.). Plato wanted universals to be the substance - he believed the particular didn't have existence, but that the form did. Substances for Aristotle are individuals, but it is much debated whether they are individualized forms or composites of form and matter. The things that are most real are those that are closest to primary substances (species) ![]() Plato? Primary substances are individual objects/particular things that are not predicable/attributes of anything else. ![]() They are ontologically basic - the closest you can get to the ultimate reality What kinds of objects in the world satisfy the conditions of being primary substances? What sorts of things then does Aristotle think are most real? What are the advantages of this view as against Other entities? Substances have no contraries (but they can have contrary qualities "more white/less white), substances can't vary within itself (become less "man"), they underlie all things and never change. Primary substances are individual things, secondary substances are universal things(subdivide able and not individually basic) What would be the case if primary substances did not exist? nothing would exist, as it is prior to all else What is the most distinctive mark of substance? substances can have contrary qualities, the qualities can change, but the substance always remains the same - able to host change while staying the same Why are primary substances the ultimate realities for Aristotle? Primary substances cannot be divided into subclasses and although they can undergo change, they still remain the same What formal properties do they have which distinguish them from Secondary - genus (animal) and species (man) - a kind of thing - species is more real because it is closest to primary substance - a class with a certain qualification, universals that can be predicated Links language and reality in a fruitful way What is the difference between a primary and a secondary substance? Primary - without it, nothing else would exist (prior to all else) - neither predicable of nor present in a subject Plato? Advantages of this view contra Plato:Ĭommon sense theory: basic realities are familiarĭistinguishes between the essential and the contingent What are the advantages of this view as against
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |